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Chemistry 11 Notes for Chemistry Notes

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An Introduction To Benzene

Introduction

  • Molecular formula = C6H6
  • Empirical formula = CH
  • Molecular mass = 78
  • Empirical formula mass = 13
  • Percentage of carbon = 93.6%
  • Percentage of hydrogen = 6.4%
  • Structural formula = Image1

  • It is an aromatic hydrocarbon.

  • Physical state = liquid at room temperature.

  • Melting point = 5.5oC

  • Boiling point = 80oC

  • It is highly inflammable.

  • Benzene burns with smoke due to high percentage of carbon.

  • It is insoluble in water.

  • It is soluble in organic solvents.

  • Benzene dissolves fats, sulphur, iodine and resins.

  • Nature:

  1. highly unsaturated (according to structure)
  2. saturated (according to reactions)
  • Nature of reactions:
  1. Substitution reactions
  2. Addition reactions (under special conditions)
  • Benzene was first isolated by Faraday.
  • Hoffman was the first scientist who separated benzene from coal tar.

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