Fundamental Principles- Old is Gold

1. For detection of elements (N, X, S) in organic compounds, why is sodium fusion carried out?

2. Write the structures of the following organic compounds:

(a) 2-methyl propan-1-ol

(b) 3-methyl butanoic acid

(c) 3-chloro butanal

(d) 2,2-dimethyl propane

(e) 2-ethyl pent-1-ene

(f) 2-chloro-2,3-dimethyl pentane

1. Why is aqueous solution of sodium extract alkaline?

2. Define an electrophile and nucleophile giving an example from each.

3. Why is it necessary to prepare sodium extract for the detection of foreign elements in organic compounds?

4. Write short notes on Homologous series.

5. What are anti-knocking reagents? Name one important anti-knocking agent.

6. How would you detect the presence of nitrogen and sulphur together in the organic compound?

7. Why is Lassagne’s extract boiled with concentrated nitric acid while testing for halogen?

8. What is the function of Tetraethyl lead (TEL) in gasoline?

9. Write down the structure formulae of the third member of the following homologous series:

(a) Alkanamide

(b) Alkanol

(c) Alkyne

(d) Alkanoic acid