TyroCity: Chemistry 11 Notes

What do you mean by boiling point and evaporation?

Chemistry 11 Notes — Sat, 12 Jul 2014 05:41:42 +0000

Boiling point is the temperature at which the vapour pressure becomes equal to atmospheric pressure.

Evaporation is defined as the process of conversion of liquid into vapour from the surface of the liquid at room temperature.

Name the physical property behind rise of liquids in capillary tube.

Chemistry 11 Notes — Sat, 12 Jul 2014 05:41:42 +0000

Ans: Surface Tension

Define coefficient of viscosity. How coefficient of viscosity is related with viscous force?

Chemistry 11 Notes — Sat, 12 Jul 2014 05:41:42 +0000

Ans: Coefficient of viscosity is defined as the tangential force per unit area required to maintain unit velocity gradient between the layers of liquid.

Why does boiling point of liquid rise on increasing pressure?

Chemistry 11 Notes — Sat, 12 Jul 2014 05:41:42 +0000

As the pressure applied to the liquid surface is increased, the energy needed for the liquid molecules to expand to gas phase also increases. Hence, a higher temperature is required to change liquid to gas phase. So, boiling point of liquid rises on increasing pressure.

What do you understand by the term surface tension?

Chemistry 11 Notes — Sat, 12 Jul 2014 05:41:42 +0000

Ans: Surface tension is defined as the property of the liquid due to the inter molecular force of attraction between the liquid molecules due to which liquid tries to gain minimum surface area.

Metal and Metallurgical Principles

Chemistry 11 Notes — Sat, 12 Jul 2014 05:41:42 +0000

Name the process for concentration of sulphide ore.
Which metals can be extracted from the following ores:

Galena, cinnabar, argentite and zinc blend

Distinguish between calcination and roasting.
What is meant by aluminothermite process?
What is meant by Slag? Why is it important in metallurgy?
Which process is applied for the concentration of sulphide ore and why?
Can Sodium be extracted by the electrolysis of aqueous solution of sodium chloride? If not, why?
Distinguish between flux and slag with examples.

In terms of vapour pressure, what do you mean by a boiling point of a liquid?

Chemistry 11 Notes — Sat, 12 Jul 2014 05:41:42 +0000

Ans: Boiling point is the temperature at which the vapour pressure becomes equal to atmospheric pressure.

The meniscus for mercury in a glass tube is concave downward. Explain.

Chemistry 11 Notes — Sat, 12 Jul 2014 05:41:42 +0000

Ans: Because cohesive force between molecules of mercury is greater than the adhesive force between mercury and glass molecules.

Define aqueous tension. Why is it subtracted from the total pressure to determine the pressure of a dry gas?

Chemistry 11 Notes — Sat, 12 Jul 2014 05:41:42 +0000

Ans: Aqueous tension is defined as the partial pressure of the water vapour present in the moist gas.
When the gas is colleced over the water, it becomes moist due to presence of small quantity of water vapour caused by evaporation.
Then, pressure exerted by moist gas = pressure exerted by dry gas + pressure of water vapour (aqueous tension).
i.e. Pmoist = Pdry + f (aqueous tension)
or, Pdry = Pmoist – f
Therefore, aqueous tension should be subtracted from the total pressure to get pressure of the dry gas.

Verification of (Boyle's + Charles) Law

Chemistry 11 Notes — Sat, 12 Jul 2014 05:41:42 +0000

VERIFY BOYLE’S LAW WITH THE HELP OF K.M.T

According to Boyle’s law at constant temperature, pressure & volume of a gas are related as:

PV = constant

According to Kinetic theory, pressure of a gas is

VERIFY CHARLES LAW WITH THE HELP OF K.M.T
According to Charles law at constant pressure, absolute temperature & volume of a gas are related as:
V/T = constant
According to Kinetic theory, pressure of a gas is

Dalton’s Atomic Theory and Laws of Stoichiometry

Chemistry 11 Notes — Sat, 12 Jul 2014 05:41:42 +0000

State the Law of Multiple Proportions.
State the law of Constant Proportion.
State the Law of Reciprocal Proportion.
How did the law of multiple proportions encourage Dalton to introduce atomic theory?
H and O react separately to give H2O2 and H2O respectively. What law of stoichiometry is illustrated? State the law.
Phosphorous reacts with oxygen to produce P2O3 and P2O5 respectively. Which Chemical law does the data illustrate? State the Law.
State the Law of conservation of mass. Why is this law known as Law of indestructibility of matter?
12gm of Carbon react with 32gm of oxygen to produce 44gm of Carbon dioxide. Which Chemical Law do these data illustrate? State the Law.

Noble gas- Old is Gold

Chemistry 11 Notes — Sat, 12 Jul 2014 05:41:42 +0000

Why are noble gases chemically inert?
What are noble gases? Write any one use of noble gases.
The first ionization energy of noble gases is higher than that of halogens. Explain.
Give an important use of noble gases.