Big data refers to collections of data that are so enormous in size, so varied in content, and so fast to accumulate that they are difficult to store and analyze using traditional approaches. The three "Vs.” is the defining features for big data (Wallance, 2015):
Volume: Data collections can take up petabytes of storage and are continually growing.
Velocity: Many data sources change and grow at very fast speeds. The nightly ETL The process often used for data warehouses is not adequate for many real-time demands.
Variety: Relational databases are very efficient for structured information stored in tables, but businesses can benefit from analyzing semi-structured and unstructured data as well.
As a physiological discipline of study, ethics is a systematic approach to understanding, analyzing and distinguishing matters of right and wrong good and bad, and admirable and deplorable as they relate to the well - being of and the relationship among sentient being (Rich, 2016).
The capabilities of big data analytics bring to the fore a larger array of ethical concerns or ethical implication of Big Data with potentially more wide-reaching implications for individuals, organizations, and society.
First, privacy has been explored already (Lyon, 2014), but other, potentially greater concerns are not well understood. For example, algorithmic decision-making, profiling of individuals and discrimination, control and surveillance of individuals and lack of transparency in the big data value chain, all raise concerns regarding the ethical use of big data analytics, and the social consequences, of big data analytics (Clarke, 2016).
Second is profiling, It could occur by classifying individuals into groups, intentionally or unintentionally, based on race, ethnic group, and gender, social and economic status, while offering or restricting special treatments or services to individuals or groups. For Example, the latest Facebook data theft issue also is a suitable example of profiling.
The third is Data Aggregators, It combines the data from multiple sources and creates a new picture of individuals based on their data. Ethical issues might arise in each segment of the value chain, with the final owner of the data using the data for purposes that can be very different from the initial intention.
Forth is monitoring and surveillance of individual’s behavior, Organizations then continuously observe and monitor individual’s behaviors can offer personalized services and products, which also implies that these individuals are no longer exposed to all options and choices available on a marketplace.
The Big Data revolution raises a bunch of ethical issues related to privacy, confidentiality, transparency, and identity. Big Data is about much more than just correlating database tables and creating pattern recognition algorithms. Big Data, broadly defined, is producing increased powers of institutional awareness and power that require the development of what we call Big Data Ethics. The Facebook acquisition of WhatsApp and the whole NSA affair shows just how high the stakes can be. Ensuring that you have effective ethical standards and governance for using customer data can ensure that your organization gains the benefits of Big Data while managing the associated risks. Consumers are likely to expect such transparency more and more, and a healthy dose of self-regulation may prove to be the best way to avoid outside regulation
References
Clarke, R. 2016. "Big data, big risks,” Information Systems Journal (26:1), pp. 77-90 (doi: 10.1111/isj.12088). Wallance, P. (2015). Introduction to Database Management System. UK: PEARSON.
Lyon, D. 2014. "Surveillance, Snowden, and Big Data: Capacities, consequences, critique,” Big Data & Society (1:2), pp. 1-13 (doi: 10.1177/2053951714541861).
Rich, K. (2016). Introduction to ethics. MIS Quarterly.
Wallance, P. (2015). Introduction to Database Management System. UK: PEARSON.
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Big data refers to collections of data that are so enormous in size, so varied in content, and so fast to accumulate that they are difficult to store and analyze using traditional approaches. The three "Vs.” is the defining features for big data (Wallance, 2015):
As a physiological discipline of study, ethics is a systematic approach to understanding, analyzing and distinguishing matters of right and wrong good and bad, and admirable and deplorable as they relate to the well - being of and the relationship among sentient being (Rich, 2016).
The capabilities of big data analytics bring to the fore a larger array of ethical concerns or ethical implication of Big Data with potentially more wide-reaching implications for individuals, organizations, and society.
First, privacy has been explored already (Lyon, 2014), but other, potentially greater concerns are not well understood. For example, algorithmic decision-making, profiling of individuals and discrimination, control and surveillance of individuals and lack of transparency in the big data value chain, all raise concerns regarding the ethical use of big data analytics, and the social consequences, of big data analytics (Clarke, 2016).
Second is profiling, It could occur by classifying individuals into groups, intentionally or unintentionally, based on race, ethnic group, and gender, social and economic status, while offering or restricting special treatments or services to individuals or groups. For Example, the latest Facebook data theft issue also is a suitable example of profiling.
The third is Data Aggregators, It combines the data from multiple sources and creates a new picture of individuals based on their data. Ethical issues might arise in each segment of the value chain, with the final owner of the data using the data for purposes that can be very different from the initial intention.
Forth is monitoring and surveillance of individual’s behavior, Organizations then continuously observe and monitor individual’s behaviors can offer personalized services and products, which also implies that these individuals are no longer exposed to all options and choices available on a marketplace.
The Big Data revolution raises a bunch of ethical issues related to privacy, confidentiality, transparency, and identity. Big Data is about much more than just correlating database tables and creating pattern recognition algorithms. Big Data, broadly defined, is producing increased powers of institutional awareness and power that require the development of what we call Big Data Ethics. The Facebook acquisition of WhatsApp and the whole NSA affair shows just how high the stakes can be. Ensuring that you have effective ethical standards and governance for using customer data can ensure that your organization gains the benefits of Big Data while managing the associated risks. Consumers are likely to expect such transparency more and more, and a healthy dose of self-regulation may prove to be the best way to avoid outside regulation
References
Clarke, R. 2016. "Big data, big risks,” Information Systems Journal (26:1), pp. 77-90 (doi: 10.1111/isj.12088). Wallance, P. (2015). Introduction to Database Management System. UK: PEARSON.
Lyon, D. 2014. "Surveillance, Snowden, and Big Data: Capacities, consequences, critique,” Big Data & Society (1:2), pp. 1-13 (doi: 10.1177/2053951714541861).
Rich, K. (2016). Introduction to ethics. MIS Quarterly.
Wallance, P. (2015). Introduction to Database Management System. UK: PEARSON.