Numerical related Hess’s Law
Q 1. Calculate the heat of formation of napthalene from the following data
i. C(S) + O2(g) → CO2(g) H = – 94.405 Kcal
ii. H2(g) + 1/2 O2(g) → H2O (l) H = – 68.3 Kcal
iii. GoH8(S) + 12O2(g) → 10CO2(g) + GH2O (l) H = – 94.405 Kcal
Napthalene
Sol:
The required r × n is,
10C(S) + 4H2 (g) GoH8(s)
The required r × n is obtained by multiplying r × n (1) by 10m r × n (ii) by 4, reversing r × n (iii) and then adding, we get,
10 C(S) + 10O2 (g) 10CO2 (g) H = – 944.05 Kcal
4H2 (g) + 2 O2 (g) 4H2O (l) H = – 273.2 Kcal
10 CO2 (g) + 4H2O (l) GoH 8 (S) + 12O2 (g) H = + 1231.6 Kcal
10 C(S) + 4 H2 (g) GoH8(S) H = 14.35 Kcal
Heat of formation of Naphalene is 14.35 Kcal mol-1
Alternate solution:
Considering combustion of Napthalence, we have,
H reaction = H formation products – H formation preactants.
-1231.6 = (10 × H formation CO2 + 4 × H formation O2)
-1231.6 = {10 × (-94.405) + 4 × (-68.3)} – H formation of GoH8-O
-1231.6 = -944.05 + (-273.2) – H formation of GoH8
-1231.6 + 944.05 + 273.2 = – H formation of GoH8
-14.35 = – H formation of GoH8
H formation of GoH8 = 14.35 Kcal Jxole-1
Q 2. Calculate the standard heat of formation of CH4 (g) from the following informations.
i. CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) → CO2 (g)+ 2H2O (l) H = – 890.3 KJ
ii. C(s) + O2 (g) → CO 2 (g) H = – 939.5 KJ
iii. 2H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2H2O (l) H = – 571.7 KJ
The required eqn is,
C(s) + 2H2 (g) → CH4 (g)
The required eqn is obtained by reversing eqn (i) and adding with others.
CO2 (g) + 2H2O (l) → CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) H = – 890.3 Kj
C(s) + O2 (g) → CO 2 (g) H = – 939.5 KJ
2H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2H2O (l) H = – 571.7 KJ
C(s) + 2H2 (g) → CH4 (g) H = -74.9 KJ
The heat of formation of CH4 (g) is -74.9KJ mol-1
Q 3. Calculate the enthalpy of formation of ethane at 298k, if the enthalpies of combustion at CH2 and C2 H6 are -94.14, -68.47 and -373.3 Kcal respectively.
Sol: Given thermochemical reactions are
i. C(s) + O2 (g) → CO 2 (g) H = – 94.14Kcal
ii. H2 (g) + 1/2O2 (g) → H2O (l) H = – 68.47 Kcal
iii. C2H6 (g) + 7/2O2 (g) → 2CO2 (g) + 3H2O (l) H = – 373.3 Kcal
The required reaction is
2C(s) + 3H2 (g) → C2H6 (g)
The required r×n is obtained by r × n (i) by 2, (ii) by 3 and reversing (iii) and then adding, we get,
3C(s) + 2O2 (g) → 2CO 2 (g) H = – 188.28Kcal
3H2 (g) + 3/2O2 (g) → 3H2O (l) H = – 205.41 Kcal
2CO2 (g) + 3H2O (l) → C2H6 (g) + 7/2O2 (g) H = – 373.3 Kcal
2 C(s) + 3H2 (g) → C2H6 (g) H = -20.39 Kcal
Enthalpy of formation of ethane at 298k is -20.39 kcal/mol
Q 4. Standard enthalpy of formation of H2O (l), CO2 (g) and C6H6 (l) are -286, -393.5 and +49.02 KJ mol-1 respectively at 298K. Calculate the standard enthalpy of combustion of C6H6 (l) at the given temperature.
Sol:
The given thermochemical reactions are,
i. H2 (g) + 1/2O2 (g) → H2O (l) H = -286 KJ
ii. C(s) + O2 (g) → CO 2 (g) H = – 393.5 KJ
iii. 6C(s) + 3H2 (g) → C6H6 (l) H = + 49.02 KJ
Required reaction is
C6H6 (l) + 15/2 O2 (g) → 6CO2 (g) + 3H2O (l) H =?
The required reaction is obtained by multiplying (i) by 3, (ii) by 6 and reversing (iii) and adding, we get,
3H2 (g) + 3/2O2 (g) → 3H2O (l) H = -858 KJ
6C(s) + 6O2 (g) → 6CO 2 (g) H = – 2361 KJ
C6H6 (l) → 6C(s) + 3H2 (g) H = – 49.02 KJ
C6H6 (l) + 15/2 O2 (g) → 6CO2 (g) + 3H2O (l) H = -3265.02KJ
Standard enthalpy of combustion of C6H6 (l) is -3268.02 KJ
Q 5. Calculate the heat of combustion of glucose from the following data,
C(s) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) H = – 395 KJ
H2 (g) + 1/2O2 (g) → H2O (l) H = -269 KJ
6C(s) + 6H2 (g) + 3O2 (g) → C6H12O6(s) H = -1269 KJ
Required reaction is
6C (s) + 6H2 (g) + 3O2 (g) → C6 H 12 O6(s) H = 1169 KJ
The required reaction is
6O2 (g) + C6 H 12 O6(s) → 6H2 O (g) + 6C2
The required reaction is obtained by multiplying (i) by 6, (ii) by 6 reversing (iii) and adding, we get,
6C(s) + 6O2 (g) → 6CO2 (g) H = – 2370 KJ
6H2 (g) + 3O2 (g) → 6H2O (l) H = -1614 KJ
C6H12O6(s) + O2 (g) → 6C(s) + 6H2 (g) + 3O2 (g) H = 1169 KJ
6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O H = 2815 KJ
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