Current state-of-affairs of Internet of Things (IoT)

Internet of Things (IoT) is the idea of converting our everyday object from dumb devices to smart devices by providing the capability to connect to the internet for communicating with us and between themselves. The number of such devices is on a rise and by 2030, a project estimates that there will be 50 billion of such devices (Castillo & Thierer, 2015). This technology is also commonly called as "Internet of Everything” for this provides a solution to all the problems. Imagine you enter the house at night, the lights automatically turn on, temperature control system is on to your liking, and a soothing music is being played on all automatically, won’t you like it? This is why IoT is bringing to the world, a vision to further simplify the life of people.

Internet of Things comprises five key components in people, things, processes, data, and infrastructure (Gubbi, Buyya, Marusic & Palaniswami, 2013). It is helping people learn more about the technology and the advancement in it. People are the ones who are to make use of the technology and form the base for IoT. Next, is the thing, without which we can’t envision IoT. We’ve seen the evolution over the things with smartwatches to the smart car from companies like Tesla. A process is what glues everything together from the protocol to connecting devices to set up all the required networking capabilities. Data is vital in all the areas and an example from Australia using the IoT in the trucking industry is interesting. Still, under development stage, they’re working on smart steering wheels which monitors the heart rate and fatigue level of the truck drivers and suggest them actions in real time. This helps in reducing accidents and saving lives of people as well. Infrastructure is the final component forming IoT, this ties everything while also ensuring that the system is built correctly and can operate effectively.

Internet of Things is simplifying the lives of people in a positive way. While looking at the current state of affairs in this technology, the front-runner would be devices for the smart home. From automatic locking system to CCTV footage which you can watch in real time all allows you a better sense security and freedom. Amazon echo, Google home are all brining that vision into reality with devices that can connect with the internet, can do things for you like sending a message, playing a music, ordering foods, turning lights on or off and so much more. Smart applications like AC, TV can be connected to the network to make them automated and even function on voice command not needing the traditional remotes or moments to get things done (Gao, 2016). Another sector of impact would be health - smart health. The devices in this category provide users with insight about their body vital and health status like blood pressure. In case of an emergency, the smart device can automatically call the ambulance at the location with GPS tagging helping save a life in a difficult situation.

The technology is advancing, and with it innovations are certain to come as well. In the next techno wave, things like self-driving vehicles and flying cars might soon dominate the space. Both in the prototyping stage with multiple companies working to bring that vision into reality, the dream may not be that far off. With self-driving vehicle technology, a country can reduce the traffic conjunction significantly while also reducing the accidental incidents (Lee, Gerla, Pau, Lee & Lim, 2016). This provides the passengers the freedom to do things as they please in the vehicle. For companies like Uber who are banking on this technology for better success, they can remove the slice of the amount they give out to the drivers and keep them all to themselves with these techniques. And, the flying car is dominating the technology space for some time now with few successful test flights as well. But the overall cost of purchase of the car along with the need to have a flying license (same as required for the pilot) is not making the thing as appealing as it could be at this instance. However, with more test on the horizon and more companies doing so, once the working product is out, the dynamics may shift and with it can bring a new wave of technology in the world to use with IoT.

References

Castillo, A., & Thierer, A. (2015). Projecting the Growth and Economic Impact of the Internet of Things. SSRN Electronic Journal , 1-7.

Gao, L. (2016). Building of Smart Home Medical System Based on Internet of Things. Internet Of Things And Cloud Computing ,

Gubbi, J., Buyya, R., Marusic, S., & Palaniswami, M. (2013). Internet of Things (IoT): A vision, architectural elements, and future directions. Future Generation Computer Systems , 29 , 1645-1660.

Lee, E., Gerla, M., Pau, G., Lee, U., & Lim, J. (2016). Internet of Vehicles: From intelligent grid to autonomous cars and vehicular fogs. International Journal Of Distributed Sensor Networks , 1-14.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a fast-emerging ecosystem of IP-connected devices with the potential to deliver significant business benefits valued at trillions of dollars in the coming decade across industries. Organizations can use IoT to drive considerable cost savings by improving asset utilization, enhancing process efficiency and boosting productivity (Stankovic, 2014). More importantly, IoT-driven innovations are expected to increase return on R&D investments, reduce time to market, and open up additional sources of revenue from new business models and opportunities. IoT is driven by a combination of forces, including the exponential growth of smart devices, a confluence of low-cost technologies (sensors, wireless networks, big data and computing power), pervasive connectivity and massive volumes of data.

We define IOT into three categories as below:

• People to people,

• People to machine /things,

• Things /machine to things /machine,

Internet of Things (IoT) is a concept and a paradigm that considers pervasive presence in the environment of a variety of things/objects that through wireless and wired connections and unique addressing schemes are able to interact with each other and cooperate with other things/objects to create new applications/services and reach common goals. Internet of Things is refer to the general idea of things, especially everyday objects, that are readable, recognizable, locatable, addressable through information sensing device and/or controllable via the Internet, irrespective of the communication means (whether via RFID, wireless LAN, wide area networks, or other means) (Janssen A & Dijkman M, 2015).

The number of internet-connected devices surpassed the number of human being on the planet in 2011 and by 2020, internet connected devices are extended to number between 26 billion and 50 billion. According to industry analyst firm IDC, the installed base for the IoT will grow to approximately 212 billion devices by 2020. A number that includes 30 billion connected devices (Wu & Zhu, 2013). These types of applications can involve the electric vehicle and the smart city, smart houses, in which application and service that provide notifications security, energy - saving, automation, telecommunication computers and entertainment will be integrated into a single ecosystem with a shared user interface. IoT is providing access to information, media, and services through wired and wireless broadband connections. The Internet of things makes use of synergies that are generated by the convergence of consumer, business is industry. The convergence creates the open global network connecting people, data, and things.

The convergence leverages the cloud to connect intelligent things that sense and transmit a broad array of data helping to create service that would not be obvious without this level of connectivity and analytical intelligence. The use of platform is being driven by transformative technologies services cloud, IOE, IOE, and telecommunication.

I think Internet of Thing (IoT), Internet of Every Thing (IoE), Telecommunication, Big Data, IPV6, Cloud computing and Semantic technology may be future technology. In future, every things have an IP adders either living or nonliving things and everything is in cloud. I think in a near future a pocket technological device is more powerful than Bomb, and weapons. Internet security will be big threat than other physical war.

References
Janssen A, & Dijkman M. (2015). T. Business models for the Internet of Things. International Journal of Information Management. doi. org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt .

Stankovic, J. (2014). Research Directions for the Internet of Things. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2014.2312291 , 3-9.

Wu, S., & Zhu, S. (2013). Data Mining with Big Data. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering , 97-107.

Internet of things (IoT) is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects or people that are provided with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human to human or human to computer interactions. It can be viewed as an ecosystem consisting of web enabled devices that use embedded processors, sensors and communication hardware to collect, send and act on data they receive from their environment. It is the network of physical devices, vehicles, home appliances, and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and connectivity which enables these things to connect and exchange data, creating opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world into computer-based systems, resulting in efficiency improvements, economic benefits, and reduced human exertions (Tech Target).

IoT aims on making the life of people easier by the making the technology work for them seamlessly. For example: We can remotely switch on the air conditioner in our home or office using our smartphone so that we can get the desired temperature when we enter. In addition, we can schedule this task in accordance with our daily routine (Carpintero, Alonso, Makitalo, & Murillo, 2015). As mentioned in Communication Strategies, the industry experts believe that IoT will consist of over 30 million objects and the commercial opportunities of these objects is expected to reach $ 19 trillion if the industry experts are to be believed.

Internet of things promises many applications in human life that makes life easier, safe and smart. Some of these applications are smart cities, smart homes and buildings, smart energy and smart grid, smart health, smart transportation and mobility and smart industry. IoT can be used to improve the cities by improving infrastructure, enhancing public transportation, reducing traffic congestion, and keeping citizens safe, healthy and more engaged in the community. The concept of smart home is supported by the automated technologies through the use of Wi-Fi. The health sector is using IoT to monitor the physiological status of patients without the physical presence of medical staffs. It guarantees the recording of the vitals at the correct time and make it easier to monitor the improvement or worsening of the health condition over time (Mohammed & Ahmed, 2017).

Along with the benefits offered, there are certain challenges related with IoT. The Amazon echo ordering cat food after hearing the TV commercials and sending the audio of a couple’s conversation to someone they know are the examples of it (Abedi, 2018). In addition, the challenges of scalability, self-organizing, data volume and interpretation, interoperability, automatic discovery, software complexity, security and privacy, fault tolerance, power supply and wireless communications are also associated with IoT (Mohammed & Ahmed, 2017).

In my opinion, the Artificial Intelligence (AI) is going to dominate the in the next techno-wave. It enables machines to exhibit human-like cognition, and relieves workers from repetitive and dangerous tasks. So the company should start preparing for it. That is why the companies like Google and Baidu are betting huge amounts of money in it. AI has the capacity to make the inventions we witness in sci-fi movies come real. The self-driven cars that will take us to our destined place by finding the fastest and easiest way after we enter the place we wish to go in its program can just be a reality in few years. The AI can be a disruptive technology that will replace a lot of people in the manufacturing, banking or other sectors. Soon will be the day when we will see no human working in bank teller because they will be done by the automated machine (McKinsey Global Institute, 2017).

References
Abedi, M. (2018, February 14). Retrieved from Global News: globalnews.ca/news/4025172/amazon-...

Carpintero, J. M., Alonso, J. G., Makitalo, N., & Murillo, J. M. (2015, March). From the Internet of Things to the Internet of People. researchgate.net/journal/1089-7801... 1, 19 (2), 40-47. doi:10.1109/MIC.2015.24

Communication Strategies. (n.d.). The Current State of Internet of Things (IoT) and its Challenges. Retrieved from Communication Strategies: com-strat.com/the-current-state-of...

McKinsey Global Institute. (2017). Artificial Intelligence : The Next Digital Frontier. Discussion Paper .

Mohammed, Z. K., & Ahmed, J. S. (2017). Internet of Things Applications, Challenges and Related Future Technologies. World Scientific News, 67 (2), 126-148. Retrieved from researchgate.net/profile/Elmustafa...

Tech Target. (n.d.). Internet of Things. Retrieved from internetofthingsagenda.techtarget....

Internet of things (IOT) are interrelated and interconnected devices that can transfer data over networks without human involvement. Anything that can be allocated with an IP address and transfer data can be considered IOT. "Companies can achieve distinct competitive advantages when they manage to get control over valuable data collected by all these sensors, organize it into a database, and find ways to understand customers and create new products. (Wallace, 2015, p. 185)” With so much potential Internet of Things is changing the world business, health, research and the daily life.

This IOT has many applications from a health factors, business and even research. People have changed over the ages and so has technology with their demand. Computers as large as houses have changed over the past decades into hand held smart phones that is connected through the internet turning the world into a small village. "According to Cisco research, over 50 billion devices will be connected to the Internet by 2020, creating vast opportunities for the Internet of Things to transform businesses and industries by re-inventing business processes, operational efficiencies and customer service innovations. (Presswire, 2014)”

Narrowband IOT is the next techno wave that is expected to roll out in 2018/2019. This technology is being developed by Global Mobile Suppliers Association. According to Joe Barrett, President, GSA, NB-IOT will connect billions of devices that will impact not only the market but even the way we work and play for the next two decades. (Service, 2016) This technology is basically like the service we use in our mobile network but better. It has targeted coverage in rural areas and even deep places inside homes at low cost. It will improve the battery life of devices, the capacity of the system and even the efficiency of the spectrum.

Another technology that I personally would like to see is the AI (Artificial Intelligence). This can revolutionize how we think and behave.

Reference

Presswire, M. (2014, April 10). Internet of Things World Forum Names Chicago as Host City for 2014 Event; Cisco Announces Internet of Things Innovation Grand Challenge; Successful Internet of Things World Forum Returns in 2014 to Address Internet of Things Industry, Challenges, Opportun. M2 Presswire . Retrieved from proxy.lirn.net/MuseProxyID=mp03/Mu...

Service, T. N. (2016, June 9). New Narrow Band Internet of Things Report. Targeted News Service . Retrieved from proxy.lirn.net/MuseProxyID=mp03/Mu...

Wallace, P. (2015). Information System in Action. In P. Wallace, Introduction to Information System (pp. 4-9). New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.

The Internet of Things (IoT), also called the Internet of Everything or the Industrial Internet, is a new technology paradigm envisioned as a global network of machines and devices capable of interacting with each other. The IoT is recognized as one of the most important areas of future technology and is gaining vast attention from a wide range of industries (Lee, & Lee, 2015). It can also be explained as the network of physical objects likes devices, vehicles, buildings and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and network connectivity that enables these objects to collect and exchange data.

This IoT provides high level of awareness about the world to us. This can helped in many sectors like smarter natural disaster management, smarter urban management and smarter healthcare. The unpredictable disasters have harmed us in many ways. Due to this presence of IoT, we can have ability to predict and forest fires before we get out of control or even begin. This same concept applies equally to the smarter detection of and reaction to mudslides, avalanches, earthquakes and other natural disasters. Next, we can have also automating traffic management to the urban. For simple example, we can build applications that intelligently guide cars to open spots. In the same way, we can have wearable devices that detect a host of health problems, potentially before they even occur. The use of IoT has huge that can be helpful us in many ways.

If tech experts are to be believed, artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform the world. This is software built to learn or problem solves that processes typically performed in the human brain. The system slowly has automated all the happenings; which could transform the way we work by replacing humans with machines and software. For instance; the development has resulted to self-driving cars in order to make driving a thing of the past. The primary emphasis is on the development of a system of programs for processing sensory data from the vehicle, for storing relevant information about the environment, and for planning the sequence of motor actions necessary to accomplish tasks in the environment (Nilsson, 1969). To sum up, AI will take dominate in the future as it has a massive investment now. In the future, we are likely to see Smart cities, connected cars, Smart home which will help to manage, control and monitor.

References

Lee, I., & Lee, K. (2015). The Internet of Things (IoT): Applications, investments, and challenges for enterprises. Business Horizons, 58 (4), 431-440.

Nilsson, N. J. (1969). A mobile automaton: An application of artificial intelligence techniques. SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CENTER.

Internet of Things is a network of interrelated devices, vehicles, home appliances, digital machines, animals, objects or people that transfers data without involving human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. Because of IOT, the billions of devices around the world are now connected to the Internet by the help of cheap processor and wireless networks that enables the devices to communicate merging the physical data without the involvement of human being.

For example, we can now change the channel of any TV anywhere or shut it down by using a smartphone app is an IOT device. As said by Analyst Gartner in (Ranger, 2018), around 8.4 billion lot devices were use in the year 2017 and the numbers are expected to reach 20.4 billion by 2020.

Manufacturers today are adding sensors to their product that provides them the information regarding the product even it is stolen, damaged, and also about the current condition of the machine so that they can swap it before the occurrence of any damages. IOT has helped the customers to live a safe and comfortable life with their highly effective home security systems. We must have observed CCTV cameras in banks, government and private offices and even at homes. This security system helps to keep monitoring the activities outside and inside our homes and offices such as fridges, electric lights, doors, washing machines, etc. This has helped a lot in saving them from theft and even work as an evidence in the case of crime. The Internet of Things (IoT), as a new growth engine of the information and communications technology industry, has sparked global enthusiasm (So-Eun Lee, 2017).

Currently, IOT have develop devices that monitors the water quality, atmosphere, and the condition of the soil that helps farmers to know if the soil is able to produce or not. IOT is also being used in healthcare organizations fir outsourcing the heart monitoring devices and arrange smart beds. Similarly, highly populated country like Japan, United States and Singapore are using IOT to solve the problem of aging by helping elderly people live independently in their community.

I think, commercial devices has the potential to become powerful in the future. They are used to run the full-flexed computing system and difficult algorithms. Companies to ensure that Edge computing performs work at the edge of the network… IOT helps to connect the physical world to the cloud and ensure a smooth integration between the IOT and the Cloud. Hence, the efficient machine algorithms can dominate in the next techno wave.

The security challenges is also going to increase with the increase in IOT. In IOT, the devices are connected without the human involvement, this can give Hackers a space to bring new security concerns for the security experts.

References
Ranger, S. (2018, January 19). What is the IOT? Everything you need to know about the Internet of Things right now . Retrieved from ZDNet: zdnet.com/article/what-is-the-inte...

So-Eun Lee, M. C. (2017). How and what to study about IOT: Research trends and future directions fromt the perspective of social science. Journal of Telecommunications Policy, Volume 41 Issue 10 , 1056-1067.